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The Brunnstrom Approach, developed by the Swedish physical therapist Signe Brunnstrom, emphasises the synergic pattern of movement which develops during recovery from hemiplegia. This approach encourages development of flexor and extensor synergies during early recovery, with the intention that synergic activation of muscles will, with training, transition into voluntary activation of movements. ==Sequential Motor Recovery Following Stroke== The Brunnstrom Approach follows six proposed stages of sequential motor recovery after a stroke. A patient can plateau at any of these stages, but will generally follow this sequence if he or she makes a full recovery.〔O'Sullivan, S.B. (2007). Stroke: Motor Function. In S. B. O’Sullivan, & T. J. Schmitz (Eds.), Physical Rehabilitation (pp. 719). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.〕 The variability found between patients depends on the location and severity of the lesion, and the potential for adaptation.〔 Brunnstrom (1966, 1970) and Sawner (1992) also described the process of recovery following stroke-induced hemiplegia. The process was divided into a number of stages: #Flaccidity (immediately after the onset) #No "voluntary" movements on the affected side can be initiated #Spasticity appears #Basic synergy patterns appear #Minimal voluntary movements may be present #Patient gains voluntary control over synergies #Increase in spasticity #Some movement patterns out of synergy are mastered (synergy patterns still predominate) #Decrease in spasticity #If progress continues, more complex movement combinations are learned as the basic synergies lose their dominance over motor acts #Further decrease in spasticity #Disappearance of spasticity #Individual joint movements become possible and coordination approaches normal #Normal function is restored The 6 stages are as follows:〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brunnstrom Approach」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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